Multi-Modal Frontiers & Vector Architecture
Mixture of Experts (MoE)
Mixture of experts activates only a subset of parameters per token, delivering large-model quality at lower compute. The trade is memory: all experts must be loaded even when few are active. MoE rewards careful routing and punishes imbalance and expert collapse.
핵심 내용
- Understand that MoE trades compute for memory; plan VRAM around total parameters.
- Monitor expert utilization to catch collapse or severe imbalance.
- Tune routing and capacity factors against both quality and throughput.
- Quantize experts and attention differently based on sensitivity.
- Benchmark on your real prompts; MoE gains vary by task and batch size.
- Keep a dense baseline to compare quality and cost honestly.
- Watch communication overhead in multi-GPU setups with expert parallelism.
- Profile memory and KV-cache usage before committing to deployment.
자주 묻는 질문
Is MoE always faster than dense?
On throughput yes often, but memory and routing overhead can offset gains.
Does MoE reduce quality?
Well-trained MoE matches dense quality; poor routing degrades it.
Can I run MoE on one GPU?
Small ones yes; large ones usually need multi-GPU memory.
What is expert collapse?
When routing sends most tokens to a few experts, wasting capacity.
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